Errors of Attribution

1. What is the difference between dispositional factors and situational factors?
1.  Dispositional factors --> They are factors that are internal to someone or something and are not necessarily seen, for example your genes or your mood.
    Situational factors -->  Any factor, such as an environmental factor or the equipment a person is using, which contributes to the set of conditions to which a person acts or reacts.

2. Explain and give an example of the fundamental error of attribution.

2. the fundamental attribution error describes the tendency to over-value dispositional or personality-based explanations for the observed behaviors of others while under-valuing situational explanations for those behaviors. 

3. Explain and give an example of the self-serving-bias error of attribution.

 3. A self-serving bias occurs when people attribute their successes to internal or personal factors but attribute their failures to situational factors beyond their control. The self-serving bias can be seen in the common human tendency to take credit for success but to deny responsibility for failure.

4.What does the study by Miyamoto and Kitayama tell us about cultural differences in attribution errors?
4.  Asians cared more about contextual information and relationships than Americans do and recognized previously seen objects more accurately when they saw them in their original settings rather than in the novel settings, whereas this manipulation had relatively little effect on Americans.